Skeffington introduced the Four Circles of
Vision Development: Anti-Gravity, Centering Process, Identification, and
Speech/Auditory.
Anti-Gravity
The concept of Anti-Gravity explores the
ability to appreciate where one is in space with regard to the object in
question. The question “Where am I?” is answered using the skills of proprioception, balance, and
fine motor abilities.
Centering
Centering Process attempts to localize the
image .The question of “Where is it?” is addressed by using vergence,
stereopsis, and oculomotor skills.
Identification
Identification describes the ocular and
mental processes involved in choosing one object out of a larger environment. The
question “What is it?” is answered by using both accommodative and
figure-ground abilities.
Speech/Auditory
the Speech/Auditory circle allows one to
discuss the object of regard by using language, memory, and
social relation skills.
the Skeffington four circles concept in which visionanti-gravity, centring,identification and speech auditory (Anti-gravity)
Anti-gravity表where we are
in the world的平衡概念
身體在空間中的位置是由視覺、前庭和本體感覺功能決定的。肌肉的控制和平衡的動態維持能力涉及肌肉運動鏈的協調活動，通過小腦輸出信息完成。
視覺輸入是身體在環境中定位的基礎，本體感覺是你對環境的感覺和大腦對關節運動的感知，前庭系統是用來伸展身體和維持平衡的。
平衡站立姿勢自我檢測方法：在自然站立下，拍張側面照，理想站姿的側面觀下，耳垂會與肩峰位在同一鉛直線上。若耳垂遠離肩峰，頭部便是處於前傾的姿勢。
